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Beretta M1934
Beretta M1934.
TypeSemi-automatic pistol
Place of originKingdom of Italy
Service history
In service1935–1991
Used byRoyal Italian Army
WarsWorld War II
Tuareg rebellion (1990–1995)
Production history
ManufacturerBeretta
Produced1934–1991
No. built1,080,000
Specifications
Mass660 g (1 lb 7 oz) (Unloaded)
Length152 mm (6 in)
Barrel length94 mm (3.7 in)
Cartridge
ActionBlowback
Muzzle velocity229 m/s (750 ft/s)
Feed system7 + 1-round detachable box magazine
SightsFixed front blade and rear notch

The Beretta Model 1934 is a compact, semi-automatic pistol which was issued as a standard service firearm to the Italian armed forces beginning in 1934. It is chambered for the 9 mm Corto, more commonly known as the .380 ACP.

History and usage[edit]

Armi Beretta SpA of Gardone Val Trompia has a history in firearms manufacturing reaching back to 1526, when they were established as a maker of barrels. But it was not until 1915 that, responding to the needs of the military during World War I, they produced their first pistol, the model 1915. Beretta has become one of the world's largest pistol makers and the model 1934 (M1934) was their most numerous product in the World War II era.

It was designed and purpose-built for the Italian armed forces. In the early 1930s, the Italian army was impressed by the Walther PP pistol. Beretta did not want to lose a big military contract to their German competitor and designed the M1934 for the Italian Army which accepted it in 1937. This model was followed by the M1935, which was similar to the M1934 in most respects, except that it fired a .32 ACP (7.65 mm Browning) cartridge.

Pistols made during the Fascist Era are marked with their year of manufacture in two forms: the conventional Julian date in Arabic numerals and the date in the Fascist Era in Roman numerals. The Fascist calendar commenced on 28 October 1922, so a pistol from 1937 may carry either 'XV' or 'XVI' as its Fascist year. Pistols taken by the armed forces usually exhibit acceptance marks stamped into the frame on the left just above the grip: 'RE' (Regio Esercito) for the army, 'RM' (Regia Marina) for the navy, or 'RA' (Regia Aeronautica) for the Air Force, always in the form of an Eagle wearing a Royal Crown for the Royal air force. Police pistols may be marked 'PS' (Pubblica Sicurezza). The Romanian military, at the time an Axis power, also purchased model 1934 (and 1935) pistols. The calibre marking appears as 9 mm Scurt (short in Romanian) rather than 9 mm Corto.[1] Romanian Army M1934's differ from Italian M1934's in that the Romanian pistols use the Russian sight picture, where the Italian pistols use the standard sight picture used by Western armies.

An M1934, serial number 606824, was used by Nathuram Godse in the 1948 assassination of Mahatma Gandhi. The pistol, manufactured in 1934, was carried by an officer during Italy's invasion of Abyssinia and subsequently taken by a British officer as a war trophy. It is not known how it came to India, but Godse was given the unlicensed firearm by a co-conspirator.[2]

Design[edit]

Fitted with the characteristic Beretta open slide, the M1934 has a very reliable feeding and extraction cycle; the elongated slot in the top of the slide acts as the ejection port. It is made with relatively few parts and very simple to maintain. The M1934 is very robust in construction with a long service life if properly maintained.[citation needed]

9mm Corto (.380 ACP) is less powerful than most other military service pistol cartridges, such as 9mm Parabellum or .45 ACP. The magazine capacity is only 7 rounds. When the empty magazine is removed it no longer holds the slide back. The slide will come forward and close the gun unless it is held open by application of the safety, a separate operation, and this slows down the reloading of the pistol.[citation needed]

Service[edit]

  • Algeria[3]
  • Kingdom of Italy - Royal Italian Army
  • Nazi Germany - under designation Pistole 671(i)
  • Finland - 1,400 examples imported from Italy, used by home front troops from 1943.[4]
  • Libya[5]
  • Mali: People's Movement for the Liberation of Azawad[6]
  • Kingdom of Romania - Romanian Royal Army[7]
  • Yugoslav Partisans (captured pistols)[8]

The weapon was extensively used in World War II by Italian, German and Romanian forces, and quite a few were captured by Allied forces during the war.

Production[edit]

From 1934 to 1992, about 1,080,000 units were produced globally.[citation needed]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^http://www.worldwar2.ro/arme/?language=ro&article=274
  2. ^Gandhi, Tushar A. (2012). Let's Kill Gandhi. Rupa Publications. ISBN9788129128942.
  3. ^'World Infantry Weapons: Algeria'. 2015. Archived from the original on 24 November 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2019.
  4. ^'Revolvers & Pistols, part 4'. 22 April 2018.
  5. ^'World Infantry Weapons: Libya'. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016.
  6. ^Small Arms Survey (2005). 'Sourcing the Tools of War: Small Arms Supplies to Conflict Zones'(PDF). Small Arms Survey 2005: Weapons at War. Oxford University Press. p. 166. ISBN978-0-19-928085-8.
  7. ^Mark Axworthy (1992). The Romanian Army of World War II. Illustrated by Horia Serbanescu. Osprey Publishing. p. 48. ISBN1855321696.
  8. ^Scarlata, Paul (1 October 2017). 'Yugoslav Part II: World War II small arms: an assortment of small arms from friends and foe alike'. Firearms News.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beretta_M1934&oldid=902003644'

Kahr Serial Number Manufacture Date In Pakistan

Kahr PM Series
TypeSemi-automatic pistol
Place of originUnited States
Production history
DesignerJustin Moon
ManufacturerKahr Arms
Produced2004–Present[1]
Variantssee variants
  • PM9[2]
  • PM40[3]
  • PM45[4]
Specifications
Mass
  • 14 oz (400 g) (PM9)[2]
  • 15.8 oz (450 g) (PM40)[3]
  • 17.3 oz (490 g) (PM45)[4]
Length
  • 5.42 in (13.8 cm) (PM9)[2]
  • 5.47 in (13.9 cm) (PM40)[3]
  • 5.79 in (14.7 cm) (PM45)[4]
Barrel length
  • 3 in (7.6 cm) (PM9)[2]
  • 3 in (7.6 cm) (PM40)[3]
  • 3.24 in (8.2 cm) (PM45)[4]
Width
  • 0.9 in (2.3 cm) (PM9)[2]
  • 0.94 in (2.4 cm) (PM40)[3]
  • 1.01 in (2.6 cm) (PM45)[4]
Height
  • 4 in (10 cm) (PM9)[2]
  • 4 in (10 cm) (PM40)[3]
  • 4.49 in (11.4 cm) (PM45)[4]
Cartridge
  • 9×19mm[2]
  • .40 S&W[3]
  • .45 ACP[4]
Actionshort recoil, locked breech, DAO
Feed system
  • 6+1, 7+1 (9×19mm)[2]
  • 5+1, 6+1 (.40 S&W)[3]
  • 5+1 (.45 ACP)[4]
Sights
  • iron open fixed dot and bar combat
  • optional tritium night sights

Kahr Serial Number Manufacture Date In India

The Kahr PM series (Polymer Micro) is a series of double action only (DAO) hammerless, striker-fired, short recoil operated, semi-automatic pistols manufactured by Kahr Arms.[5][6]The target market for the PM line is the civilian concealed carry market, as well as being intended as backup weapons for law enforcement officers.[7]

  • 4Variants

Development[edit]

When the first Kahr pistols appeared on the market in 1994 they were constructed entirely of carbon steel.[7] Early Kahr models such as the K9 were praised as well-made and solidly constructed, but criticized for their excessive weight, which is a disadvantage in a weapon intended for concealed carry. Kahr attempted to address these concerns by introducing pistols that were physically smaller, as well as a line of polymer framed models.[8] The PM series combined both these approaches, introducing polymer framed pistols that were also the smallest Kahr models ever produced.[9]

Design features[edit]

PM series pistols are manufactured with stainless steel slides that ride on steel inserts within the polymer frames, preventing the wear which would otherwise be inherent with metal slide to plastic frame contact.[9][10]The PM is available in 9×19mm (PM9), .40 S&W (PM40), and .45 ACP (PM45). The series is noted for being very no-nonsense and utilitarian in appearance, with black plastic grips and a brushed stainless or blackened Tungsten DLC (Diamond-Like Coating) stainless slides.[7][9] Produced by applying a thin but tough protective coating, the DLC patina was labeled 'Black Diamond' in early production, and is valued for its lack of attention-catching light reflection in dim surroundings. DLC coatings also serve to protect the slide from oxidization, nicks and scrapes.[9]

PM pistols are known for having very smooth and consistent DAO trigger pulls[7] of approximately six pounds,[8] and large and easy to see sights in various configurations including night sights.[7][11] Simplified controls exemplified by the lack of a manual safety lever are also positive attributes and contribute to a desirable package for concealment use.[8] The PM series is also noted for having a fully enclosed trigger draw bar. The engineering design work necessary to fit it inside the cramped space of the receiver resulted in several beneficial lockwork changes. One such change was that the cartridge feed ramp had to be offset, which in turn allowed the overall receiver design to be thinner,[7] it also permitted the slide to be more squat with a low bore axis, resulting is less muzzle rise and flip. The PM barrel configuration boasts polygonal rifling, which in theory will wear longer and gather less fouling.[10]

Overall, an important innate advantage of the Kahr pistol design is that it is identical in function and trigger action across virtually all Kahr models, meaning that once a user becomes familiar with the handling characteristics and ‘feel’ of one model, the learning curve for mastery of other Kahr firearms is much shorter.[7]

Criticisms[edit]

While highly regarded overall, reviewers have offered various criticisms of the PM series. The entire PM product line is known for requiring a 'breaking-in' period. Kahr Arms has indicated that its products are to be broken in with at least 200 rounds fired initially, as is the case with many semi-automatic firearms.[8] In addition, though the 9×19mm PM9 has the reputation of being controllable with some minor modification of firing techniques,[6] the .40 and .45 caliber variants are known to produce gun-handling difficulties in rapid fire due to their heavier recoil and resulting muzzle rise. In response to this criticism, some reviewers have observed that very small and light large bore pistols in general share this reputation, suggesting that they are best wielded by experienced and proficient shooters who practice regularly.[8][9] Other known PM series deficiencies include excessive trigger travel, and a magazine release which occasionally fails to allow magazines to fall freely on the PM40 model.[11] The magazine release and recoil springs on the PM40 pistol have also been known to occasionally break.[12]

Variants[edit]

PM9[edit]

The Kahr PM9 is chambered in 9×19 Parabellum.[2] It comes standard with either a black frame and stainless slide, or fully matte black.[2] Additional features available on some models are tritium night sights and Crimson Trace laser sights.[13]

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A special model also features a manual safety and a loaded chamber indicator.[14] These added features make the pistol approved for sale in Massachusetts.[14]

PM40[edit]

The Kahr PM40 is chambered in .40 S&W.[3] It comes standard with either a black frame and stainless slide, or fully matte black.[3] Additional features available on some models are tritium night sights and Crimson Trace laser sights.[15]

A special model also features a manual safety and a loaded chamber indicator.[16] These added features make the pistol approved for sale in Massachusetts.[14]

PM45[edit]

The Kahr PM45 is chambered in .45 ACP.[4] It comes standard with either a black frame and stainless slide, or fully matte black.[4] Additional features available on some models are tritium night sights and Crimson Trace laser sights.[17]

A special model also features a manual safety and a loaded chamber indicator.[18] These added features make the pistol approved for sale in Massachusetts.[18]

References[edit]

  1. ^Shideler, Dan (2010). 2010 Standard Catalog of Firearms the Collector's Price and Reference Guide (20th ed.). Gun Digest Books, 2010. p. 610. ISBN9781440214530.
  2. ^ abcdefghij'PM9'. Kahr Arms. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
  3. ^ abcdefghij'PM40'. Kahr Arms. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
  4. ^ abcdefghij'PM45'. Kahr Arms. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
  5. ^'KAHR PM4543 / Specifications', Kahr Web site. Accessed June 24, 2008.
  6. ^ abAyoob, Massad. 'Kahr's PM9', Guns Magazine, November 2003, p.48-56, p.73-75. Accessed June 24, 2008.
  7. ^ abcdefgClapp, Wiley. 'New Kahr PM9 9mm”, Combat Handguns, September 2002, pp. 10–15. Accessed June 24, 2008.
  8. ^ abcdeClapp, Wiley. “INSTANT CLASSICS”, Guns & Ammo, March 2004, pp. 66–71. Accessed June 24, 2008.
  9. ^ abcde'Kahr Arms PM9', American Rifleman magazine, P. 84-85, October 2004. Accessed June 24, 2008.
  10. ^ abDetty, Mike. 'Kahr PM45 .45ACP', Combat Handguns, June 2008, pp. 38–42, 91. Accessed June 24, 2008.
  11. ^ abSagi, Guy. 'Kahr PM40', Shooting Illustrated, July 2004, pp. 62–63. Accessed June 24, 2008.
  12. ^Ayoob, Massad . 'CARRYIN' KAHRS', The Complete Book of Handguns 2005, pp. 86–91. Accessed June 24, 2008.
  13. ^'PM9 w/ CT Laser Sight'. Kahr Arms. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
  14. ^ abc'PM9 w/ External Safety & LCI'. Kahr Arms. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
  15. ^'PM40 w/ CT Laser Sight'. Kahr Arms. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
  16. ^'PM40 w/ External Safety & LCI'. Kahr Arms. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
  17. ^'PM45 w/ CT Laser Sight'. Kahr Arms. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
  18. ^ ab'PM45 w/ External Safety & LCI'. Kahr Arms. Retrieved 22 December 2012.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kahr_PM_series&oldid=870081359'
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